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A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn
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The physical processes that led to the formation of billion-solar-mass black holes within the first 700 million years of cosmic time, a period known as cosmic dawn, remain a puzzle1. Several theoretical scenarios have been proposed to seed and rapidly grow black holes2,3,4, but direct observations of these mechanisms remain elusive. Here we present a source 660 million years after the Big Bang that exhibits singular properties: among the largest hydrogen Balmer breaks reported at any redshift, broad multi-peaked Hβ emission, and Balmer line absorption in several transitions. We model this source as an enshrouded black hole in which the Balmer break and absorption features are a result of extremely dense, turbulent gas forming a dust-free envelope around a supermassive black hole5,6. This source may provide evidence of an early black hole embedded in dense gasâa theoretical configuration proposed to rapidly grow black holes by super-Eddington accretion7,8. Radiation from the black hole seems to dominate almost all observed light, leaving limited room for contribution from its host galaxy. If the source merged with its brighter neighbour, it would resemble the recently discovered âlittle red dotsâ with perplexing spectral energy distributions9,10,11. The redness of the black hole is due to gas, not dust12,13, and scattering, not kinematics, gives rise to the complex line shapes and luminositiesâblack hole masses of these sources may therefore be overestimated by orders of magnitude.
Astronomers Discover the Existence of a Black Hole Star
When Soundgarden Wrote “Black Hole Sun,” they may have inadvertently been onto something.
In a new paper in Nature, scientists have chronicled a “black hole star” that’s the size of our solar system and glows bright red in the depth of space. The findings are based on observations from the James Webb Space Telescope, which continues to change how astronomers think about the cosmos.
Researchers focused on some of the most distant observable phenomena in the universe, which appear to be something like a star in disguise. Based on the light they emit, they appear to share some characteristics with giant stars, but astronomers suspect they are actually black holes shrouded in an extraordinarily dense and luminous gas.
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Astronomers Peered at the Early Universe and May Have Discovered a New Kind of Celestial Object: Black Hole Stars
When NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope started to stare at the early universe in 2022, it spotted strange, never-before-seen objects dubbed little red dots. Astronomers have puzzled over what these ruby specks could be ever since.
Now, a team thinks they may have figured it out. They might be a previously unknown type of celestial object: black hole stars.
The researchers came to this conclusion, described in a study published August 12 in the journal Nature, by studying an extraordinarily bright little red dot called MoM-BH*-1. This object, they say, seems to be an enormous black hole powering a surrounding cloud of hot gas that glows like a star.
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